Actually, I was going to let this issue wind down, but something kept nudging in the back of my mind. Orthodox Objectivists have a horrible habit of misquoting law for intimidation purposes. Rand herself started this habit with some monkeyshines through Holzer (which, I am sure, he would never do today).
The word "classroom" in this thread rang a bell in my mind, so I decided to look into the matter a bit deeper. An Objectivist club is essentially an educational organization, something like Sunday School in a church. Although there is no official affiliation with government-licensed educational institutions, this environment is considered "education" in my book. I have not checked, but I would bet good money that the law backs me up. (Note: the section of the law, USC 17, 1, § 110, I discuss below provides a definition for educational institution as given in Paragraph 2, but this does not apply to Paragraph 1). Anyway, the wise and powerful Hsieh made the following wise and powerful statement:
QUOTE(Hsieh)
As for the question of rights to public performance, Paul found
this handy summary of the relevant law (and
this one and
this one and
this one and
this one) for me. It's very clear that an event open to the public, held in a public venue, and advertised on public message boards and web sites does not qualify as a private performance on par with inviting friends over to watch a movie.
Now that sounds official and everything. Unfortunately, most people reading that will not go to the links. So let's do something. Let's go to the links.
Handy summary: This is a memo entitled "Copyright Guidelines for Showing Movies on Campus" put out by Texas State University. But even that memo states the following:
QUOTE(TSU)
03.04 Even if your proposed showing will constitute a public performance you will not need a license if any of the following is true:
a. Showing the movie in the course of "face-to-face" teaching activities that take place in a classroom or similar place devoted to instruction and you have a legitimate copy of the movie. A 'legitimate copy of the movie' includes a copy that you may have purchased or rented from a video store, but does not include a copy that you may have taped from a broadcast.
Link 1: This is a private statement from an organization called the "efilm center." The text that is presented to back up Hsieh's ham-handed misunderstanding of copyright issues is even prefaced by the following (I put in bold the amusing stuff, seeing that Hsieh is presenting this link as a correct summary of "law, a legal opinion or legal advice"):
QUOTE(efilm center)
(Editor's note...the following is from the ANTI-PIRACY OFFICE of the Motion Picture Association of America. The correctness of the MPAA's assumptions and statements should not be assumed. The contents of this article should not be construed as the law, a legal opinion or legal advice, and should not be relied upon as such. Rather, it is being presented here solely as educational material demonstrating the complexity of the "rights" issue. When in doubt, a smart exhibitor will always seek the advice of counsel.)
Link 2: This is an article entitled "Organizing Your Message: Are you a copyright criminal?" by Dave Zielinski on a site called "All Business: A D&B Company." The article is mostly an overview of copyright issues with very little mention of actual law. The general gist uses arguments of the "if you do XXX, you will be guilty of copyright violation..." variety, as if saying it makes it so. Zielinski made it clear that he has a low opinion of the fair use provision. In the only short paragraph where he mentions it, he also stated the following gem:
QUOTE(Zielinski)
The Copyright Act includes a "fair use" exception, granting the ability to use copyrighted material without written permission from the owner. (See "Fair use: The presenter's quicksand.") But, although fair use appears intuitive, grossly liberal interpretations of the clause constitute misuse.
I would say the dude is biased against the law, but maybe that is just an impression.
Link 3: Minutes of a meeting of the "College Government" body of Wellesley College where copyright was briefly discussed. Nothing technical was actually given except broad brush strokes of some of the legal aspects.
Link 4: "Rules and Tools Handbook" of Mount Holyoke College. This merely gives internal college policy and is not applicable to the issue of legality elsewhere.
So there we have it. I guess this is supposed to be a replacement for the US Code or something. It certainly sounds impressive in the pompous way Hsieh presented it. It's a shame it piffles out into trivial sources. It could have been a good piece of intimidation.
If anyone is interested in the actual law, I suggest he, uhm... look at the actual law. I know this is not in vogue among orthodox Objectivists (they seem to prefer presenting their opinions as law), but what the hell. Let's give it a spin. Let's try, say, Title 17, Chapter 17, Section 110, entitled
§ 110. Limitations on exclusive rights: Exemption of certain performances and displays. We don't have to go far into the law, either. The first part will do nicely:
QUOTE(US Code)
Notwithstanding the provisions of section 106, the following are not infringements of copyright:
(1) performance or display of a work by instructors or pupils in the course of face-to-face teaching activities of a nonprofit educational institution, in a classroom or similar place devoted to instruction, unless, in the case of a motion picture or other audiovisual work, the performance, or the display of individual images, is given by means of a copy that was not lawfully made under this title, and that the person responsible for the performance knew or had reason to believe was not lawfully made;
I say, check the charter. A real issue is if the Phoenix Objectivist organization can be considered a nonprofit educational institution. If its charter says it is for educational purposes and it is nonprofit, in my opinion it qualifies. Maybe there is some legal counsel out there who disagrees with this.
I cannot leave this topic without mentioning the final piece of claptrap Hsieh wrote:
QUOTE(Hsieh)
Also, I should mention that I've spoken repeatedly with two lawyers about this matters over the past few days. Both of them used to speak at TOC, and so they are familiar with TOC's "Speaker's Agreements." On both legal and moral grounds, they wholly support my right to refuse permission to play these lectures.
I don't expect any further troubles on this issue -- except more of the usual crap from OL -- but I did wish to set the record straight. To put it bluntly, Mike Renzulli hasn't a legal or moral leg to stand on.
Two whole lawyers? With no names? Consulted repeatedly?
Heh.
Gotta do better than that. But it was a nice try at a bluff.
Actually to but it bluntly, Hsieh doesn't know what the hell she is talking about and, if she reported her legal advice correctly, she has been advised wrongly (and apparently "repeatedly") by her two anonymous laywers. I would even venture to say that, if they granted support for Hsieh's refusal across-the-board without mention of the above law, such legal advice constitutes gross incompetence.
For the record, let's look at a published lawyer, one who has a name and is not anonymous: Mary Hutchings Reed, a partner in the law firm of Sidley & Austin, Chicago, and counsel to the American Library Association. The following excerpt is from her opinion entitled
Library and Classroom Use of Copyrighted Videotapes and Computer Software, written at the request of Donna Kitta, Administrator, American Library Association Office of Copyright, Rights & Permissions (which included the disclaimer: "These papers express the opinion of ALA's legal counsel; individuals and institutions deeply involved in copyright matters should consult their own attorneys.") Although the issue is videotapes, a recorded audio lecture is reasonably covered.
QUOTE(Mary Hutchings Reed)
A. In-classroom Use
-------------------
In-classroom performance of a copyrighted videotape is permissible under the following conditions:
1. The performance must be by instructors (including guest lecturers) or by pupils; and
2. the performance is in connection with face-to-face teaching activities; and
3. the entire audience is involved in the teaching activity; and
4. the entire audience is in the same room or same general area;
5. the teaching activities are conducted by a non-profit education institution; and
6. the performance takes place in a classroom or similar place devoted to instruction, such as a school library, gym, auditorium or workshop;
7. the videotape is lawfully made; the person responsible had no reason to believe that the videotape was unlawfully made.
This is Mary Hutchings Reed's interpretation of the law. But then, Reed was never a member of TAS or ARI, I imagine she doesn't know who in hell the Brandens are, so I don't know if her professional competence qualifies for Hsieh as legal counsel. It certainly qualifies for the American Library Association and it qualifies for the US court system.
I put this research together because I sincerely believe that the sloppy research and half-baked legal opinions of people like Hsieh, when presented in the form she presented it, is good faking, but ultimately it gives Objectivism a black eye. If the general public thinks that Objectivists are cultists and crackpots, imagine what real lawyers and judges think if they read that flawed crap presented by Hsieh.
After all this, which I did for the sole reason of setting the record straight and presenting at least one place where legal facts were correct within an Objectivist environment (in light of all the baloney that has been written by Hsieh and her peanut gallery), I endorse Brant's suggestion above. If Hsieh does not want her work to be presented for study, regardless of whether it is because she no longer endorses it or finds it incomplete or flawed, or she simply does not like Objectivists who study Objectivism outside of her tribe, her wishes are reasonable (i.e., aligned with her present values) and the courteous thing to do is honor her wishes.
It is not a matter of law, which she has shown clearly to misunderstand, but simply good manners.
Michael