by Michael Stuart Kelly
PARC
Before I give the story, facts, figures, methods and standards, let me spoil the suspense a little just in case there are people who are in a hurry.
As of August 25, 2006, the following book quantities of PARC have been sold commercially as calculated from Ingram warehouse sales (see below):
- 2005: A minimum of 750 copies and a maximum of 1,250 copies
- 2006 (only until August 25): A minimum of 498 copies and a maximum of 830 copies
- Total: A minimum of 1,248 copies and a maximum of 2,080 copies
There are two points that must be mentioned.
1. PARC is only sold in hardback.
2. There are two numbers provided for ISBN (International Standard Book Number), both for hardback. This implies that the second ISBN represents a revised or modified version.
- First ISBN: 1-930654-67-1.
- Second (newer) ISBN: 1-930754-67-1.
A further note about promotion should be mentioned. PARC is a book that is sold more by word-of-mouth than by advertising and publisher support. The issue involves Objectivist subculture politics and the book is principally an attack on some historic members who are still living (the Brandens). Thus peer pressure to buy the book is constantly exercised by the side the author is on. As new people come in contact with members of that side, they are strongly urged to buy and/or read the book in order to have “proof” that their leaders and organizations are the good guys and the Brandens and supporters are hopelessly evil and spineless. My own belief is that peer pressure is the only thing keeping the sales going and that in the marketplace of ideas, it would fail dismally on its own.
Method of calculation
To give credit where credit is due, Ethan Dawe made a post on another website about a method he encountered on the Internet to calculate the number of books sold in 2006 and 2005 from the number sold from Ingram’s warehouses. It is on the Google Answers site and received a five-star rating. Here is a selective and slightly modified quote from the questions and answers:
Quote
A (“bobbie7-ga”): You can call Ingram’s “Freddie” line at 615-213-6803. Enter the ISBN and select option #3. You will hear a computer-voice telling you stock status in how many Ingram warehouses; how many were sold this year and last year. In order to calculate the total number of books sold, industry analysts apply a multiplier of between 6 and 10 to the Ingram numbers.
Q (“qpet-ga”): How certain are you about the 6-10 multipliers? Is this a common way to get sales numbers?
A (“bobbie7-ga”): Please take a look at the question “Book Sales Statistics” answered in December by another researcher.
http://answers.google.com/answers/main?cmd...w&id=133616
This researcher stated that “the standard multiplier used to estimate system-wide sales is 6.” He then checked the multiplier with an author-friend and found out that his agent actually uses a multiplier of 10. Therefore an estimate between 6 and 10 would be a good approximation.
It was mentioned on Google Answers that data on total books sold is available (as a paid service) from Nielsen BookScan, but the link is from 2002 and it is broken.
The method mentioned above is the one I used for all calculations, unless specified otherwise.
The person who gave me the idea of doing this survey was Robert Campbell. As I mentioned, on August 17 he sent me the figures of PARC sales (high-end 1,860), together with corroboration from another person who also made the consultation at Ingram. Then on August 18, he consulted three other books from his library to see if the figures were reasonable (they were):
- Nick Capaldi, John Stuart Mill, Cambridge University Press hardback—sales over the last two years, 300 to 500 total after multiplying.
- Tim Wilson, The Adaptive Unconscious, Harvard University Press paperback—sales running 3,000 to 4,000 a year after multiplying for the past two years.
- Tom Friedman, The World Is Flat, revised edition hardback—sales in 2006 between 300,000 and 470,000 after multiplying; it was published this year so there are no sales from last year.
The main reason for doing this calculation
There is a characteristic of Objectivist acolytes who adopt a religious view of the philosophy. They wish to maintain a morally unblemished image of Rand at all costs. Their position is that Rand wrote about moral perfection being possible and she led a morally perfect life. To hold otherwise invalidates Rand’s philosophy. (The author of PARC vehemently denies that he is an acolyte, yet his public statements are totally consistent with the non-objective religious approach.)
This leads the acolytes to target people who were next to Rand, personally witnessed events and later publicly reported what they saw, warts and all. Acolytes also target those who get too familiar with Objectivism and report any shortcomings they observe in the philosophy with suggestions for corrections. Acolytes are particularly active and virulent against people who try to present any objective view, those who notice both the good and the bad. (The ones who focus only on the bad do not get too much attention from acolytes; they do not need to be discredited; they are the avowed “enemy” so they can be dismissed.) The idea to acolytes is that if they discredit such people, the “good and bad” views of these people will be seen as baseless by the public and they can resume promoting the “only good/morally perfect” image of Rand and Objectivism. They also extend the same attitude toward acolyte organizations—essentially the orthodoxy.
This was the premise behind the writing of PARC. Valliant stated that he wished to preserve Rand’s reputation, but his focus was actually on discrediting the Brandens. This even influenced his pedantic repetitious style.
Discrediting attacks by acolytes are seen often by their constant invasion of information channels—usually free ones like the Internet—in order to denounce targeted people and promote the orthodox party line. They are few, but they are active.
Why do they do this? The answer is easy. The whole purpose is to give a false impression that a great number of people adhere to their position. Through public image manipulation, they try to “cook the books” so to speak. I could also speculate about their personal motives—that they must hide the truth from themselves because they are afraid to face the fact that they have been lying to themselves, that they are terrified of the unknown, and so forth—but that is outside the scope here.
Anyone who has engaged Valliant on an Internet forum sees this tendency easily. He is consistently slippery about giving direct answers. An exchange with Robert Campbell and Philip Coates recently (in May) on the Rebirth of Reason site is a perfect example.
Quote
Valliant answered: “No, I don't have the accurate raw number right now, but it's in excess of other recent nonfiction books about Rand or her philosophy, but nothing like the sales numbers for PAR. Does that help?”
Robert Campbell asked: “Does this mean that your book has outsold Ayn Rand: The Russian Radical?”
Philip Coates said: “Fer Chrissake guys, is this a state secret? Give us a goddamn number...even if it's 'approximate'…”
Valliant backed down: “Thanks for the interest, guys, but I really don't know.”
Robert Campbell did not back down: “Russian Radical sales: Between 12,000 and 13,000 (hardcover and paperback combined).”
Technically speaking, the “I really don't know” comment is a blatant lie in answer to the two questions asked: what were the approximate sales numbers for PARC, and if it outsold Ayn Rand: The Russian Radical by Chris Sciabarra. Valliant was able to compare sales against PAR and “other recent nonfiction books about Rand or her philosophy.” He said so right before his answer. Thus he actually did know an “approximate” number. He then lied to Philip Coates and Robert Campbell about not knowing one.
(Other online interactions with Valliant have been equally frustrating, for me and for many others. He constantly tries to “get off on a technicality” when asked a clear question for simple information or opinion. He uses a number of rhetorical devices for this. A large number of examples can be seen in the online discussions about PARC. Here is a list of links.)
Why would Valliant lie about his knowledge of such a simple factual question in public—being the proponent of moral perfection that he is? He must have been aware that he was not lying just to Coates and Campbell. He was lying to every honest reader who was following the discussion, too. He might think Coates or Campbell were the enemy, so that would explain why he would lie to them, but why would Valliant lie to honest readers? The answer is obvious. He was trying to project a false image of huge PARC sales, thus indirectly increase the book’s own credibility with all readers, honest and otherwise. He was trying to manipulate the thinking of readers by giving them something false to perceive. He was trying to fake reality and sell the bogus version to honest people—and he was trying to do that on purpose.
Well, let’s take the covers off. Let’s look at actual sales figures using a standard that the publishing industry uses. Some of the figures are not favorable to both sides of the issue. That does not matter, though. Facts are facts. Period. No truly objective person runs from them or tries to fake them in public. It is an embarrassment when an Objectivist does that.
Limitations of the figures
Some books with very low figures or zero copies sold, like The Contested Legacy of Ayn Rand by David Kelley and Ayn Rand’s Marginalia edited by Robert Mayhew are published by small academic publishers and sold more directly by TAS and ARI respectively than through commercial book outlets. To be fair, I bought a copy of Ayn Rand’s Marginalia this year, yet it is listed as having no copies sold. This was probably because the copy I bought from the retailer was ordered directly from Second Renaissance Books (the publisher) and did not go through a book jobber (a multi-publisher book warehouse, like Ingram, used for filling orders).
Thus the figures here must be thought of as books sold on the standard commercial publishing market only, not specialty presses and outlets.
Some books are used for teaching, thus the number of students in the courses will increase the number of copies sold. Many of such students would not have bought the book otherwise, so this element must be considered in thinking about trends.
Sadly, total book sales are not available (at least I have not found a relatively accessible method of consultation that can be checked by the public). The sales estimations given here are for 2005 and 2006 only. This is the reason the release dates of the books are given. Thus if a book sold 400 copies last year, but was published in 1990, its total sales will probably be fairly high. A good example is Ayn Rand: The Russian Radical by Chris Sciabarra, which was in the 7th printing by 2002 and sold a total of 12,000 to 13,000 copies since 1995. Yet total sales figures for the 2005-2006 period are from 144 to 240 copies.
The figures for 2006 are only up to August 25, 2006 and not for the whole year. Anyone who wishes for full 2006 numbers should do an Ingram check at the end of the year and use the multipliers. Please do not use the numbers given here as full 2006 estimations.
I am giving ISBN's with the book titles. Instructions on how to make an Ingram consultation are given above. Thus, anyone can easily check my figures.
PARC sales in relation to other pertinent books about Rand and/or Objectivism
High-end ranking for 2005-2006 (up to August 25, 2006)
PARC (2005): 2,080
OPAR (1991): 1,550
Ominous Parallels (1982): 1,490
MYWAR (1989/1998): 640
PAR (1986): 480
Song of Russia (2004): 320
Ayn Rand Cult (1999): 250
Russian Radical (1995): 240
Contested Legacy (1990/2000): 80
Information used
Objectivism: The Philosophy of Ayn Rand by Leonard Peikoff (1991)
Ingram sales: 2006: 70 // 2005: 85
Calculated sales: 2006: 420-700 // 2005: 510-850 // Total: 930-1,550
The Ominous Parallels by Leonard Peikoff (1982)
Ingram sales: 2006: 49 // 2005: 100
Calculated sales: 2006: 294-490 // 2005: 600-1,000 // Total: 894-1,490
Note: There is no Ingram listing for other ISBN's for this book: 0-812-82850-X (hardcover) and 0-451-62210-3 (paperback)
My Years with Ayn Rand by Nathaniel Branden (1989 as Judgment Day and 1998 as the present title)
Ingram sales: 2006: 20 // 2005: 44
Calculated sales: 2006: 120-200 // 2005: 264-440 // Total: 384-640
The Passion of Ayn Rand by Barbara Branden (1986)
Ingram sales: 2006: 11 // 2005: 37
Calculated sales: 2006: 66-110 // 2005: 222-370 // Total: 288-480
Note: There is an Ingram listing for another ISBN for this book, but the sales are given as zero (0): 0-385-19171-5 (hardcover)
Ayn Rand and Song of Russia by Robert Mayhew (2004)
Ingram sales: 2006: 8 // 2005: 24
Calculated sales: 2006: 48-80 // 2005: 144-240 // Total: 192-320
The Ayn Rand Cult by Jeff Walker (1999)
Ingram sales: 2006: 16 // 2006: 9
Calculated sales: 2006: 96-160 // 2005: 54-90 // Total: 150-250
Ayn Rand: The Russian Radical by Chris Sciabarra (1995)
Ingram sales: 2006: 8 // 2005: 16
Calculated sales: 2006: 48-80 // 2005: 96-160 // Total: 144-240
Note: There is an Ingram listing for another ISBN for this book, but the sales are given as zero (0) for both years: 0-271-01440-7 (hardcover)
The Contested Legacy of Ayn Rand: Truth and Toleration in Objectivism by David Kelley (1990 as Truth and Toleration in Objectivism and 2000 as the present title)
Ingram sales: 2006: 1 // 2005: 5
Calculated sales: 2006: 6-10 // 2005: 30-50 // Total: 36-60
ISBN (paperback): 0-765-80863-3
Ingram sales: 2006: 0 // 2005: 2
Calculated sales: 2006: 0 // 2005: 12-20 // Total: 12-20
Calculated sales for both ISBN's: 2006: 6-10 // 2005: 42-70 // Total: 48-80
PARC sales in relation to Rand’s nonfiction published in her lifetime
High-end ranking for 2005-2006 (up to August 25, 2006)
CUI (1966): 9,560
Virtue of Selfishness (1964): 9,020
For the New Intellectual (1961): 3,420
Romantic Manifesto (1969): 3,370
PARC (2005): 2,080
ITOE (1967/1990): 2,030
Return of the Primitive (1971/1999): 1,250
Information used
Capitalism: The Unknown Ideal (1966)
Ingram sales: 2006: 360 // 2005: 569
Calculated sales: 2006: 2,160-3,600 // 2005: 3,414-5,690 // Total: 5,574-9,560
The Virtue of Selfishness (1964)
Ingram sales: 2006: 320 // 2005: 582
Calculated sales: 2006: 1,920-3,200 // 2005: 3,492-5,820 // Total: 5,412-9,020
For the New Intellectual (1961)
Ingram sales: 2006: 145 // 2005: 197
Calculated sales: 2006: 870-1,450 // 2005: 1,182-1,970 // Total: 2,052-3,420
The Romantic Manifesto (1969)
Ingram sales: 2006: 128 // 2005: 209
Calculated sales: 2006: 768-1,280 // 2005: 1,254-2,090 // Total: 2,022-3,370
Introduction to Objectivist Epistemology (1967 original edition and 1990 revised and expanded edition)
Ingram sales: 2006: 65 // 2005: 138
Calculated sales: 2006: 390-650 // 2005: 828-1,380 // Total: 1,218-2,030
Return of the Primitive: The Anti-Industrial Revolution (1971 as The New Left: The Anti-Industrial Revolution and 1999 as the present title)
Ingram sales: 2006: 55 // 2005: 70
Calculated sales: 2006: 330-550 // 2005: 420-700 // Total: 750-1,250
Note: Rand’s original book is no longer commercially available. Rand’s original order of essays was rearranged by Peter Schwartz and additional articles by Schwartz were included in the new title.
PARC sales in relation to Rand’s posthumous books
High-end ranking for 2005-2006 (up to August 25, 2006)
Philosophy: Who Needs It (1982): 3,740
Ayn Rand Answers (2005): 3,020
The Early Ayn Rand (1984): 2,970
Three Plays (2005): 2,560
PARC (2005): 2,080
Art of Nonfiction (2001): 1,820
Art of Fiction (2000): 1,410
Voice of Reason (1989): 970
Ayn Rand Reader (1999): 790
Journals (1997): 510
Letters (1995): 470
Russian Writings on Hollywood (1999): 20
Ayn Rand's Marginalia (1995): 0
Ayn Rand Column (1991): 0
Information used
Philosophy: Who Needs It, edited by Leonard Peikoff (1982)
Ingram sales: 2006: 109 // 2005: 265
Calculated sales: 2006: 654-1,090 // 2005: 1,590-2,650 // Total: 2,244-3,740
Note: There is no Ingram listing for other ISBN's for this book: 0-026-00900-5 and 0-672-52725-1(hardcover), 0-672-52795-2, 0-020-66900-3, 0-451-13249-1, 0-451-13891-7 and 0-451-17394-5 (paperback)
Ayn Rand Answers: The Best of Her Q & A, edited by Robert Mayhew (2005)
Ingram sales: 2006: 93 // 2005: 209
Calculated sales: 2006: 558-930 // 2005: 1254-2090 // Total: 1812-3020
The Early Ayn Rand, edited by Leonard Peikoff (1984)
Ingram sales: 2006: 0 // 2005: 20
Calculated sales: 2006: 0 // 2005: 120-200 // Total: 120-200
ISBN (revised—paperback): 0-451-21465-X
Ingram sales: 2006: 45 // 2005: 232
Calculated sales: 2006: 270-450 // 2005: 1,392-2,320 // Total: 1,662-2,770
Calculated sales for both ISBN's: 2006: 270-450 // 2005: 1,512-2,520 // Total: 1,782-2,970
Note: There is no Ingram listing for other ISBN's for this book: 0-453-00465-2 (hardcover) and 0-451-17396-1 (paperback)
Three Plays, edited by Richard E. Ralston (2005)
Ingram sales: 2006: 54 // 2005: 202
Calculated sales: 2006: 324-540 // 2005: 1,212-2,020 // Total: 1,536-2,560
The Art of Nonfiction: A Guide for Writers and Readers, edited by Robert Mayhew (2001)
Ingram sales: 2006: 67 // 2005: 115
Calculated sales: 2006: 402-670 // 2005: 690-1,150 // Total: 1,092-1,820
The Art of Fiction: A Guide for Writers and Readers, edited by Tore Boeckmann (2000)
Ingram sales: 2006: 60 // 2005: 81
Calculated sales: 2006: 360-600 // 2005: 486-810 // Total: 846-1410
The Voice of Reason: Essays in Objectivist Thought, edited by Leonard Peikoff (1989)
Ingram sales: 2006: 32 // 2005: 65
Calculated sales: 2006: 192-320 // 2005: 390-650 // Total: 582-970
Note: There is no Ingram listing for another ISBN's for this book: 0-453-00634-5 (hardcover). Additional essays by Leonard Peikoff and Peter Schwartz.
The Ayn Rand Reader, edited by Gary Hull and Leonard Peikoff (1999)
Ingram sales: 2006: 29 // 2005: 50
Calculated sales: 2006: 174-290 // 2005: 300-500 // Total: 474-790
Journals of Ayn Rand, edited by David Harriman (1997)
Ingram sales: 2006: 22 // 2005: 29
Calculated sales: 2006: 132-220 // 2005: 174-290 // Total: 306-510
Note: There is an Ingram listing for another ISBN for this book, but the sales are given as zero (0) for both years: 0-525-94370-6 (hardcover)
Letters of Ayn Rand, edited by Michael S. Berliner (1995)
Ingram sales: 2006: 23 // 2005: 24
Calculated sales: 2006: 138-230 // 2005: 144-240 // Total: 282-470
Note: There is an Ingram listing for another ISBN for this book, but the sales are given as zero (0) for both years: 0-525-93946-6 (hardcover)
Russian Writings on Hollywood, edited by Michael S. Berliner, translated by Dina Garmong (1999)
Ingram sales: 2006: 0 // 2005: 2
Calculated sales: 2006: 0 // 2005: 12-20 // Total: 12-20
The Ayn Rand Column: Written for the Los Angeles Times, edited by Peter Schwartz (1991 original edition, 1998 revised edition)
Ayn Rand's Marginalia: Her Critical Comments on the Writings of Over 20 Authors, edited by Robert Mayhew (1995)
PARC sales in relation to Rand’s main fiction
Note: It is almost unfair to make this comparison. I did not use all hardback and paperback versions of Rand’s fiction being sold, only the Signet paperback editions of 1996. This survey is just to get a general idea of proportion, not be an exact accounting report.
As this idea only occurred to me as I was putting the finishing touches on this report, the survey of Rand’s four main fiction works was made on August 26, 2006. Just to be sure, I also ran a check for PARC and the numbers were the same as for August 25.
Some of these sales numbers could be influenced by ARI’s program of free book distribution to high-schools.
High-end ranking for 2005-2006 (up to August 26, 2006)
The Fountainhead (1943): 139,930
Anthem (1938): 137,080
Atlas Shrugged (1957): 87,510
We the Living (1936): 9,730
PARC (2005): 2,080
Information used
The Fountainhead (1943)
Ingram sales: 2006: 6,666 // 2005: 7,327
Calculated sales: 2006: 39,996-66,660 // 2005: 43,962-73,270 // Total: 83,958-13.9930
Anthem (1938)
Ingram sales: 2006: 6,060 // 2005: 7,648
Calculated sales: 2006: 36,360-60,600 // 2005: 45,888-76,480 // Total: 82,248-137,080
Atlas Shrugged (1957)
Ingram sales: 2006: 4,241 // 2005: 4,510
Calculated sales: 2006: 25,446-42,410 // 2005: 27,060-45,100 // Total: 52,506-87,510
We the Living (1936)
Ingram sales: 2006: 356 // 2005: 617
Calculated sales: 2006: 2,136-3,560 // 2005: 3,702-6,170 // Total: 5,838-9,730
Final comments
People can now argue and interpret these numbers as they wish. They can be interpreted in a number of manners.
I would like to mention one interpretation of my own. I had originally looked for a system to calculate book sales because of a comment I made back in May 2005 in a post on the old SoloHQ, I mentioned something that had been bothering me about the way PARC was done.
Me said:
I will try to look into this. If what I suspect is true, then this is most definitely not beside the point.
I do not like the idea at all of someone positioning her unpublished work in a form that makes it lay an egg in public. This smacks of pure publishing incompetence to me, and as I already stated, she deserves better.
My point at that time was that I was sad when I contemplated the effect on sales of publishing Rand’s words with heavy-handed interference from another person. I didn’t think the public would be enthusiastic about the idea. I was thinking specifically about PARC back then. As time went on, I started looking for a system that the public could use for checking. The way I have seen facts distorted by Objectivist acolytes in public discussions over this last year-and-a-half made this condition imperative.
Well, we now have such a system. Let them now try to distort these numbers. Anyone can check them.
For the present, looking at these figures, two things stand out above all else.
1. Rand’s fiction outsells all the rest by an enormous margin.
2 Rand’s 1960’s nonfiction outsold her posthumous nonfiction in the same 2005-2006 time period by a very large margin. One would think that the market for Rand’s works shown by such high sales numbers of much older works would create a similar market for new releases of her unpublished works.
As a general trend, though, sales are much lower where there has been more interference with Rand’s words than where there has been less. Apparently, the public vastly prefers Rand as she wrote over Rand filtered through the judgment of acolytes.
As to PARC, I suspect the total has most likely crossed the 2,000 book sales mark, especially as the high-end projection for one of the two ISBN’s is already over it.
Michael

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